“In” But Not “Of”
Modern critics have questioned whether Athens was truly a democracy. At its zenith, Athens only granted citizenship to 50,000 adult males out of a population of 250,000. Women, children, slaves, and resident aliens were excluded from the right-to- vote. The resident aliens were called metoikoi (literally, "with house"). It was translated: "those who live with us." A metic could not own land, speak in court, or marry a citizen. By 431 B.C., there were…